Seeds
The tiny seeds germinate orchid is a very long stage (1-8 years) and in addition, it depends on the symbiosis with fungi. The procession mycological orchids are fairly uniform in Europe, but it is very diverse in tropical regions such as Thailand (ROY & Selos 2008).
However, in vitro culture can receive the germination of seeds without the aid of fungi. And after 3-6 months of cultivation in artificial conditions, the seeds of some orchids evolve protocorms (Figure 1).
The advantage of culture (from nature) is the acceleration time from sowing seed and the appearance of protocorms: 3-6 months against 1-8 years.
The Protocorm organization has a very diverse body; clusters of meristematic cells are arranged in flattened bipolar structures, which are endlessly multiplying by the division of protocorm into fragments. If allowed to grow, embryonic bipolar structure appears in all fragments.
So, the organization of an orchid in the early stages of ontogenesis undergoes a true metamorphosis from a single genotype is given a set of phenotypes, differentiated by the formation of new structures and organs relative to the orchid's mature dusporophyte organism.
by Marpha TELEPOVA-TEXIER
Département des Jardins Botaniques et Zoologiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, USM 0602, case postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris; telepova@gmail.com
However, in vitro culture can receive the germination of seeds without the aid of fungi. And after 3-6 months of cultivation in artificial conditions, the seeds of some orchids evolve protocorms (Figure 1).
The advantage of culture (from nature) is the acceleration time from sowing seed and the appearance of protocorms: 3-6 months against 1-8 years.
The Protocorm organization has a very diverse body; clusters of meristematic cells are arranged in flattened bipolar structures, which are endlessly multiplying by the division of protocorm into fragments. If allowed to grow, embryonic bipolar structure appears in all fragments.
So, the organization of an orchid in the early stages of ontogenesis undergoes a true metamorphosis from a single genotype is given a set of phenotypes, differentiated by the formation of new structures and organs relative to the orchid's mature dusporophyte organism.
by Marpha TELEPOVA-TEXIER
Département des Jardins Botaniques et Zoologiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, USM 0602, case postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris; telepova@gmail.com